BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE TRENDS IN BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF SUSPECTED BACTERIAL MENINGITIS PATIENTS AT HYDERABAD, SINDH.

Sarfraz Ahmed Tunio; Santosh Kumar Bathija; Shaista  Bano

doi:10.34016/pjbt.2024.21.02.922

Authors

Sarfraz Ahmed Tunio Institute of Microbiology University of Sindh Jamshoro
Santosh Kumar Bathija Institute of Microbiology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro
Shaista Bano Institute of Microbiology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34016/pjbt.2024.21.02.922

Keywords:

CSF, Bacterial meningitis, Antibiotic susceptibility, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae

Abstract

Meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. It is a devastating infectious disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. The present study aimed to study the bacteriological profiling of CSF samples and the evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility patterns of common bacterial isolates of CSF. A total of 681 CSF samples were collected from patients suspected of bacterial meningitis through Lumbar puncture and processed for bacteriological analysis. Bacterial isolation and identification were carried out by using conventional microbiological methods including cultural, microscopic, biochemical, and immunological tests. Gender-wise distribution revealed that 59.32% (n=404) of samples were from male and 40.68% (n=277) belonged to female patients. The culture positivity of CSF samples showed that out of 681 samples 5.73% (n=39) yielded bacterial growth, while 94.27% (n=642) were sterile. It was observed that microbial infection of CSF was more common in patients aged below one year accounting for 44.93%. Gram-negative bacteria were more common with 87.18% while the Gram-positive bacteria were less prevalent in CSF samples with 12.82% prevalence. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the dominant with 30.77% of total isolated bacteria, followed by Pseudomonas spp. and E. coli. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing data revealed that Colistin, Piperacillin/Tazobactam and Meropenem were highly effective against K. pneumoniae, E. coli and Pseudomonas spp., respectively. In summary, the proper diagnosis and empirical treatment of bacterial meningitis can be achieved by AST and culturing CSF specimens

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Cheesbrough, M. (2006). District laboratory practice in tropical countries: Cambridge university press.

Hsu, M.-H., Hsu, J.-F., Kuo, H.-C., Lai, M.-Y., Chiang, M.-C., Lin, Y.-J., Tsai, M.-H. (2018). Neurological complications in young infants with acute bacterial meningitis. Frontiers in neurology, 9, 903.

Jiang, H., Su, M., Kui, L., Huang, H., Qiu, L., Li, L., Sun, Q. (2017). Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of cerebrospinal fluid pathogens in children with acute bacterial meningitis in Yunnan province, China, 2012-2015. PloS one, 12(6), e0180161.

Khan, F. Y., Abu-Khattab, M., Almaslamani, E. A., Hassan, A. A., Mohamed, S. F., Elbuzdi, A. A., . . . Sanjay, D. (2017). Acute bacterial meningitis in Qatar: a hospital-based study from 2009 to 2013. BioMed research international, 2017.

Li, C., Feng, W.-y., Lin, A.-w., Zheng, G., Wang, Y.-c., Han, Y.-j., Zhao, F.-c. (2018). Clinical characteristics and etiology of bacterial meningitis in Chinese children> 28 days of age, January 2014–December 2016: a multicenter retrospective study. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 74, 47-53.

Li, Y., Yin, Z., Shao, Z., Li, M., Liang, X., Sandhu, H. S., Li, J. (2014). Population-based surveillance for bacterial meningitis in China, September 2006–December 2009. Emerging infectious diseases, 20(1), 61.

Liu, L., Oza, S., Hogan, D., Chu, Y., Perin, J., Zhu, J., .Black, R. E. (2016). Global, regional, and national causes of under-5 mortality in 2000–15: an updated systematic analysis with implications for the Sustainable Development Goals. The Lancet, 388(10063), 3027-3035.

Memon, B., Bano, S., Abbasi, S., & Tunio, S. (2022). Bacteriological and antibiotic susceptibility profiling of the cerebrospinal fluid of suspected bacterial meningitis patients. Rawal Medical Journal, 47(3), 564-564.

Okike, I. O., Ribeiro, S., Ramsay, M. E., Heath, P. T., Sharland, M., & Ladhani, S. N. (2014). Trends in bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal meningitis in England and Wales 2004–11: an observational study. The Lancet infectious diseases, 14(4), 301-307.

Oordt-Speets, A. M., Bolijn, R., van Hoorn, R. C., Bhavsar, A., & Kyaw, M. H. (2018). Global etiology of bacterial meningitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one, 13(6), e0198772.

Poplin, V., Boulware, D. R., & Bahr, N. C. (2020). Methods for rapid diagnosis of meningitis etiology in adults. Biomarkers in medicine, 14(6), 459-479.

Richardson, D. C., Louie, L., Louie, M., & Simor, A. E. (2003). Evaluation of a rapid PCR assay for diagnosis of meningococcal meningitis. Journal of clinical microbiology, 41(8), 3851-3853.

Schiess, N., Groce, N. E., & Dua, T. (2021). The impact and burden of neurological sequelae following bacterial meningitis: a narrative review. Microorganisms, 9(5), 900.

Svendsen, M. B., Ring Kofoed, I., Nielsen, H., Schønheyder, H. C., & Bodilsen, J. (2020). Neurological sequelae remain frequent after bacterial meningitis in children. Acta Paediatrica, 109(2), 361-367.

Tamma, P. D., Robinson, G. L., Gerber, J. S., Newland, J. G., DeLisle, C. M., Zaoutis, T. E., & Milstone, A. M. (2013). Pediatric antimicrobial susceptibility trends across the United States. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 34(12), 1244-1251.

Tsolenyanu, E., Bancroft, R. E., Sesay, A. K., Senghore, M., Fiawoo, M., Akolly, D., Tientcheu, L. (2019). Etiology of pediatric bacterial meningitis pre-and post-PCV13 introduction among children under 5 years old in Lomé, Togo. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 69(Supplement_2), S97-S104.