COMPARATIVE APPRAISAL OF THE ACACIA (ACACIA NILOTICA L.) AND MESQUITE (PROSOPIS JULIFLORA) ON THE BASIS OF MINERAL CONTENTS AND CONTAMINANTS FOR THE CAMEL FEEDS

Authors

  • Shahela Hakro Department of Zoology, University of Sindh,76080, Pakistan
  • Shaikh Muhammad Yusuf Department of Zoology, University of Sindh,76080, Pakistan
  • Ghulam Sarwar Gachal Department of Zoology, University of Sindh,76080, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34016/pjbt.2024.21.02.908

Keywords:

Chemical analysis, Feed, Macro and Micronutrients, Acacia nilotica (Babur), , Prosopis juliflora (devi).

Abstract

This study evaluates the nutritional value and quality of feed and forage for camel husbandry and productivity. It focuses on two forage plant species, Acacia and Mesquite, based on mineral nutrients and contaminants for grazing and camel health benefits. The study was conducted in Jam Mahar and Tharo Mari locations of Hyderabad, contaminated lands of Oil and Gas Development Company Limited. Leaf tissue samples were collected from three trees of each plant species, oven-dried at 70°C for 48 hours, and analyzed for crude protein, fats, fiber, and ash. The plant material was digested using diacetic acid and filtered properly. The filtrate of digested samples was analyzed on Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (Nova 400) Analytik Jena, Germany. The findings of the study revealed that Acacia leaf, including pod samples, illustrated more crude protein (20.1%), fats (16%) and crude fiber (16.4) in comparison to mesquite (Devi). Findings from macro and the micronutrients of the study revealed that mesquite leaf tissues contained 36.7% and 3% more K. and Ca as compared to acacia leaf samples. Inversely to K and Ca, the Mg and Fe contents of Acacia leaf tissues were 77% and 59% higher than mesquite leaf tissue. The study found that acacia leaves have potential to meet the nutritional needs of camels and address feed shortage issues during the monsoon dry season. The findings suggest further research on the benefits of acacia leaves as fodder and their potential use in combination with other grasses to enhance various nutrients, including protein, lipids, fiber, macronutrients, and micronutrients

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

American Association of Cereal Chemists. Approved Methods Committee. (2000). Approved methods of the American association of cereal chemists (Vol. 1). American Association of Cereal Chemists.

Ahmad, S., Yaqoob, M., Hashmi, N., Ahmad, S., Zaman, M. A., & Tariq, M. (2010). Economic importance of camel: unique alternative under crisis.

Ali, H., & Khan, E. (2018). What are heavy metals? Long-standing controversy over the scientific use of the term ‘heavy metals’–proposal of a comprehensive definition. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 100(1), 6-19.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2017.1413652

Ali, H. A. M., Ismail, A. B. O., Fatur, M., Ahmed, F. A., & Ahmed, M. E. E. (2016). Nutritional evaluation and palatability of major range forbs from South Darfur, Sudan. Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 6(1), 42-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2016.61006

Briffa, J., Sinagra, E., & Blundell, R. (2020). Heavy metal pollution in the environment and their toxicological effects on humans. Heliyon, 6(9). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04691

Cherian, G. A GUIDE TO PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL NUTRITION. Book Chapter, updated Version 2023. https://open.oregonstate.education/animalnutrition (2019)

Uguru, C., Lakpini, C. A. M., Akpa, G. N., & Bawa, G. S. (2014). Nutritional potential of acacia (Acacia nilotica (l.) del.) pods for growing Red Sokoto goats. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 7(6), 43-49.

Clark-Lewis, J. W., & Dainis, I. (1967). Flavan derivatives. XIX. Teracacidin and isoteracacidin from Acacia obtusifolia and Acacia maidenii heartwoods; Phenolic hydroxylation patterns of heartwood flavonoids characteristic of sections and subsections of the genus Acacia. Australian Journal of Chemistry, 20(10), 2191-2198. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9672191

Lane, E. A., Canty, M. J., & More, S. J. (2015). Cadmium exposure and consequence for the health and productivity of farmed ruminants. Research in veterinary Science, 101, 132-139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.06.004

El-Keblawy, A., Ksiksi, T., & El Alqamy, H. (2009). Camel grazing affects species diversity and community structure in the deserts of the UAE. Journal of Arid Environments, 73(3), 347-354. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.10.004

Ganguli, B. N., Kaul, R. N., & Nambiar, K. T. N. (1964). Preliminary studies on a few top-feed species. Annals of Arid Zone, 3(1 & 2).

Gupta, R. K. (1970). Resource survey of gummiferous Acacias in western Rajasthan. Tropical Ecology, 11(2), 148-161.

Habtamnesh, A. and Agena A. Evaluation of Priority Fodder Trees for Leaf Yield and Nutritional Value at Arba Minch, Ethiopia; International Journal of Forestry Research Volume 2023, Article ID 3015246, 8 pages DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3015246

Islam, S. S., Islam, M. S., Hossain, M. A. T., & Alam, Z. (2013). Optimal rotation interval of akashmoni (Acacia auriculiformis) plantations in Bangladesh. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 34(1), 181-190.

Joshi, R., Sathasivam, R., Jayapal, P. K., Patel, A. K., Nguyen, B. V., Faqeerzada, M. A., ... & Cho, B. K. (2022). Comparative determination of phenolic compounds in Arabidopsis thaliana Leaf powder under distinct stress conditions using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy. Plants, 11(7), 836. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11070836

Kankara, S. S., Sani, D., IBRAHIM, M., Mustafa, M., & Go, R. (2017). Acacia nilotica pods’ water extract enhances wound healing in Sprague-Dawley rats by alleviating oxidative stress and suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Nigerian Journal of Scientific Research, 16(2), 202-210.

Mapiye, C., Chimonyo, M., Marufu, M. C., & Dzama, K. (2011). Utility of Acacia karroo for beef production in Southern African smallholder farming systems: A review. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 164(3-4), 135-146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.01.006

Mendes, B. V. (1988). Potential offered by Prosopis juliflora (Sw) DC in the Brazilian semi-arid region.

Nasir, E., and Ali, S.I. “Flora of West Pakistan”. National Herbarium, Agric. Res. Council. Islamabad. No.6, P:6. (1973).

Pagot, J. (1992). Animal production in the tropics and subtropics (p. 517pp).

Patrick, L. (2003). Toxic metals and antioxidants: Part II. The role of antioxidants in arsenic and cadmium toxicity. Alternative medicine review, 8(2).

Pedro, S.I.; Antunes, C.A.L.; Horta, C.; Pitacas, I.; Gonçalves, J.; Gominho, J.; Gallardo, E.; Anjos, O. Characterization of Mineral Composition and Nutritional Value of Acacia Green Pods. Plants 12, 1853. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12091853

Purl, D.N. and Khybric, M.L. Economics of Chambal Ravine Afforestation. India Forester, 101: 448-451.

Quraishi, M., A. Rasool & M. Iqbal. (1975). Range Management in Pakistan. University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.

Rahman MM, Rahman MA, Miah MG, Saha SR, Karim MA and Mostofa MG. Mechanistic Insight into Salt Tolerance of Acacia auriculiformis: The Importance of Ion Selectivity, Osmoprotection, Tissue Tolerance, and Na+ Exclusion. Front. Plant Sci. 8:155.

Rao, J. K., Dart, P. J., & Sastry, P. V. S. S. (1983). Residual effect of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) on yield and nitrogen response of maize. Experimental Agriculture, 19(2), 131-141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479700022572

Rathee, P. S., Mishra, S. H., & Kaushal, R. (1979). Antimicrobial activity of fatty oil and unsaponifiable matter of Acacia arabica Willd'. Indian drugs, 17(1).

Acheampong, S. (2023). Heavy metals’ poisoning in farm animals. In Heavy Metals-Recent Advances. IntechOpen. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110498

Shah, A. G., Lydecker, A., Murray, K., Tetri, B. N., Contos, M. J., Sanyal, A. J., & Nash Clinical Research Network. (2009). Comparison of noninvasive markers of fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology, 7(10), 1104-1112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2009.05.033

Singh, R., Gautam, N., Mishra, A., & Gupta, R. (2011). Heavy metals and living systems: An overview. Indian journal of pharmacology, 43(3), 246-253. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.81505

Tahir, I., & Alkheraije, K. A. (2023). A review of important heavy metals toxicity with special emphasis on nephrotoxicity and its management in cattle. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10, 1149720. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1149720

Uguru, C., Lakpini, C. A. M., Akpa, G. N., & Bawa, G. S. (2014). Nutritional potential of acacia (Acacia nilotica (l.) del.) pods for growing Red Sokoto goats. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 7(6), 43-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9790/2380-07614349

Vardhan, K. H., Kumar, P. S., & Panda, R. C. (2019). A review on heavy metal pollution, toxicity and remedial measures: Current trends and future perspectives. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 290, 111197. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111197

Zapata-Campos, C. C., García-Martínez, J. E., Chavira, J. S., Valdés, J. A. A., Morales, M. A. M., & Mellado, M. (2020). Chemical composition and nutritional value of leaves and pods of Leucaena leucocephala, Prosopis laevigata and Acacia farnesiana in a xerophilous shrubland. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 723-730 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2020.v32.i10.2148

Downloads

Published

2024-04-08

How to Cite

Hakro, S., Yusuf, S. M., & Gachal, G. S. (2024). COMPARATIVE APPRAISAL OF THE ACACIA (ACACIA NILOTICA L.) AND MESQUITE (PROSOPIS JULIFLORA) ON THE BASIS OF MINERAL CONTENTS AND CONTAMINANTS FOR THE CAMEL FEEDS. Pakistan Journal of Biotechnology, 21(2), 258–265. https://doi.org/10.34016/pjbt.2024.21.02.908

Issue

Section

Research Articles