INTEGRATED USE OF PSB AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS TO IMPROVE YIELD AND QUALITY OF BELL PEPPER (Capsicum Annum L.) CV. GREEN WONDER

Naeemullah; Irfan Ali; Tanveer Hussain; Mehwish Liquat; Muhammad Tahir Akram; Aysha Manzoor; Muhammad Saqib Naveed; Ijaz Ahmad; Mohammad Umar Ijaz; Faheem Khadija; Adeel Anwar; Asfa Quddus

doi:10.34016/pjbt.2024.21.01.806

Authors

Naeemullah Department of Horticulture, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Irfan Ali Department of Horticulture, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Tanveer Hussain PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi
Mehwish Liquat Department of Horticulture, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Muhammad Tahir Akram Department of Horticulture, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Aysha Manzoor Barani Agricultural Research Institute Chakwal Pakistan
Muhammad Saqib Naveed Barani Agricultural Research Institute Chakwal Pakistan
Ijaz Ahmad Department of Botany, Govt. Post Graduate College satellite Town, Gujranwala, Pakistan
Mohammad Umar Ijaz Plant Breeding and Genetics, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Faheem Khadija Mango Research Station Shujabad, Multan, Pakistan
Adeel Anwar Department of Agronomy, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Asfa Quddus Department of Horticulture, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34016/pjbt.2024.21.01.806

Keywords:

Bell pepper, organic amendments, PSB, Growth, Yield greenhouse

Abstract

Bell pepper is an important Solanaceous crop that is cultivated all around the globe for its economical and nutritional value. In Pakistan, it is cultivated mainly in Sindh and Punjab province of Pakistan. However, average yield ha^-1 is quite low as compared to the rest of the world. One of the main reasons for this low yield is poor phosphorous status. The current study was conducted to estimate the effects of organic application combined with PSB biofertilizers (Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria) on growth and yield of bell pepper. Organic amendments included leaf compost (LC), farmyard manure (FYM) and poultry manure (PM). Bell pepper cultivar “Green Wonder” was used as test crop. FYM and PM showed better results as compared to LC in most of the measured parameters. Plant height in FYM and PM was 59.79 and 59.07 cm while PSB application produced 67.84 cm high plants. Maximum leaf area was 176.98 cm² that for FYM and was further increased up to 204.43 cm² when supplemented with PSB. Bell pepper yield was also maximum in FYM i.e. 1211.7 g while PM showed a value of 1077.6. g. However, when PSB was applied in combination with these treatments, yield plant^-1 was further increased up to 1393.4 and 1227.6 g, respectively. Total soluble solids were statistically at par among all the organic amendments but higher than control. Ascorbic acid was maximum in PM (58 mg 100 g^-1) and followed by FYM (55.53 mg 100 g^-1). PSB application showed a value of 72.46 mg 100 g^-1. It is recommended from these results that application of organic amendments and PSB should be practiced enhancing that yield and quality of bell pepper.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Abbasi, M. K., Musa, N., & Manzoor, M. (2015). Mineralization of soluble P fertilizers and insoluble rock phosphate in response to phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and poultry manure and their effect on the growth and P utilization efficiency of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). Biogeosciences, 12(15), 4607-4619. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4607-2015

Abu-Zahra, T. R. (2011). Influence of agricultural practices on fruit quality of bell pepper. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 14(18), 876. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2011.876.881

Akande, M. O., Garcia, M., & Mina, J. M. (2007). Nitrogen fertilizer source effects on the growth and mineral nutrition of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.). Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture, 87(11), 2099-2105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2970

Alloush, G. A., & Clark, R. B. (2001). Maize response to phosphate rock and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in acidic soil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 32(1-2), 231-254. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1081/CSS-100103004

Aminifard, M., & Bayat, H. (2016). Effect of vermicompost on fruit yield and quality of bell pepper. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 3(2), 221-229.

Aria, M. M., Lakzian, A., Haghnia, G. H., Berenji, A. R., Besharati, H., & Fotovat, A. (2010). Effect of Thiobacillus, sulfur, and vermicompost on the water-soluble phosphorus of hard rock phosphate. Bioresour. Technol., 101(2), 551-554. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.07.093

Aticho, A., Tamirat, M., Bantirgu, A., Tulu, S., Regassa, A., & Dume, B. (2014). Influences of mineral nitrogen and phosphorous fertilization on yield and yield contributing components in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Afr. J. Agric. Res., 9(7), 670-675. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2013.8262

Baiyeri, P. K., Otitoju, G. T., Abu, N. E., & Umeh, S. (2016). Poultry manure influenced growth, yield and nutritional quality of containerized aromatic pepper (Capsicum annuum L., Varnsukka Yellow). Afr. J. Agric. Res., 11(23), 2013-2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2015.10512

Baksh, H., Yadav, R., & Dwivedi, R. (2008). Effect of INM on growth, yield, yield attributing characters and quality of guava (P. guajava L.) cv. Sardar. Progressive Agriculture, 8(2), 141-144.

Bashir, Z., Zargar, M. Y., Baba, Z. A., & Mohiddin, F. A. (2017). Effect of potassium and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria on growth parameters of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) under Kashmir climatic conditions. I. J. C. S., 5(5), 692-695.

Biswas, T., Guan, Z., & Wu, F. (2015). An overview of the U.S. bell pepper industry. University of Florida.

Castellanos, J. Z., Cano-Ríos, P., García-Carrillo, E. M., Olalde-Portugal, V., Preciado-Rangel, P., Ríos-Plaza, J. L., & García-Hernández, J. L. (2017). Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Growth, Fruit Yield, and Quality Using Organic Sources of Nutrients. Compos. Sci. Util., 25(sup1), S70-S77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1065657X.2017.1362673

Chatterjee, R., Koner, S., & Datta, S. (2016). Impact of Microbial Inoculants on the Performance of Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Varieties under Foothills of Eastern Himalayan Region. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci., 5(9), 131-138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.509.015

Chavez-Mendoza, C., Sanchez, E., Muñoz-Marquez, E., Sida-Arreola, J. P., & Flores-Cordova, M. A. (2015). Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in different grafted varieties of bell pepper. Antioxidants, 4(2), 427-446. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox4020427

Chen, Y. P., Rekha, P. D., Arun, A. B., Shen, F. T., Lai, W. A., & Young, C. C. (2006). Phosphate solubilizing bacteria from subtropical soil and their tricalcium phosphate solubilizing abilities. Appl. Soil Ecol., 34(1), 33-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.12.002

Deepa, N., Kaur, C., Singh, B., & Kapoor, H. C. (2006). Antioxidant activity in some red sweet pepper cultivars. J Food Compost Ana., 19(6-7), 572-578. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2005.03.005

Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. (2013). Production guideline for sweet pepper.

Dhillon, W. S., Gill, P. P. S., & Singh, N. P. (2011). Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization on growth, yield and quality of pomegranate 'Kandhari'. Acta Hortic., 890, 327-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.890.45

Ewulo, B. S., Hassan, K. O., & Ojeniyi, S. O. (2007). Comparative effect of cow dung manure on soil and leaf nutrient and yield of pepper. Int. J. Agri. Res., 2(12), 1043-1048. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/ijar.2007.1043.1048

Fandi, M., Muhtaseb, J., & Hussein, M. (2010). Effect of N, P, K concentrations on yield and fruit quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in tuff culture. J. Cent. Eur. Agric., 11(2), 179-184.

Fankem, H., Nwaga, D., Deubel, A., Dieng, L., Merbach, W., & Etoa, F. X. (2006). Occurrence and functioning of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms from oil palm tree (Elaeis guineensis) rhizosphere in Cameroon. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 5(24), 2451-2460.

FAOSTAT. (2016). World bell and chili peppers. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC

Fawzy, Z. F., El-Shal, Z. S., Yunsheng, L., Zhu, O., & Sawan, O. M. (2012). Response of garlic (Allium Sativum L.) plants to foliar spraying of some bio-stimulants under sandy soil condition. J. Appl. Sci., 8(2), 770-776.

Fernandez, L. A., Zalba, P., Gomez, M. A., & Sagardoy, M. A. (2007). Phosphate-solubilization activity of bacterial strains in soil and their effect on soybean growth under greenhouse conditions. Biol. Fertil. Soils., 43(6), 805-809. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-007-0172-3

Flores, P., Castellar, I., Hellín, P., Fenoll, J., & Navarro, J. (2007). Response of pepper plants to different rates of mineral fertilizers after soil biofumigation and solarization. J. Plant Nutr., 30(3), 367-379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160601171264

Hamid, A. A., Aiyelaagbe, O. O., Usman, L. A., Ameen, O. M., & Lawal, A. (2010). Antioxidants: Its medicinal and pharmacological applications. Afr. J. Pure Appl. Chem., 4(8), 142-151.

Hiraguli, P. S., & Allolli, T. B. (2011). Response of organic, inorganic and bio-fertilizers on growth and yield of Byadagi Chilli. Asian J. Hort., 6(2), 352-354.

Hopkins, B., & Ellsworth, J. (2005). Phosphorus availability with alkaline/calcareous soil. In Western Nutrient Management Conference, 6, 88-93.

Igbokwe, G. E., Aniakor, G. C., & Anagonye, C. O. (2013). Determination of β-Carotene & Vitamin C content of Fresh Green Pepper (Capsicum annnum), Fresh Red Pepper (Capsicum annum) and Fresh Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum). Bioscientist, 1, 89-93.

Ikeh, A. O., Ndaeyo, N. U., Uduak, I. G., Iwo, G. A., Ugbe, L. A., Udoh, E. I., & Effiong, G. S. (2012). Growth and yield responses of pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) to varied poultry manure rates in Uyo, Southeastern Nigeria. ARPN. J. A. B. S., 7(9), 735-742.

Jadczak, D., Grzeszczuk, M., & Kosecka, D. (2010). Quality characteristics and content of mineral compounds in fruit of some cultivars of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). J. Elem., 15(3), 509-515.

Khan, A. A., Jilani, G., Akhter, M. S., Naqvi, S. M. S., & Rasheed, M. (2009). Phosphorus solubilizing Bacteria; occurrence, Mechanisms and their role in crop production. J. A. B. S., 1, 48–58.

Khan, M. S. I., Roy, S. S., & Pall, K. K. (2010). Nitrogen and phosphorus efficiency on the growth and yield attributes of capsicum. Acad. J. Plant Sci., 3(2), 71-78.

Khan, M. S., Zaidi, A., & Ahmad, E. (2014). Mechanism of phosphate solubilization and physiological functions of phosphate-solubilizing m,kicroorganisms. In Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms. Springer, Cham. (pp. 31-62). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08216-5_2

Kpomblekou, A. K., & Tabatabai, M. A. (2003). Effect of low-molecular weight organic acids on phosphorus release and phytoavailability of phosphorus in phosphate rocks added to soils. Agric Ecosyst Environ., 100(2-3), 275-284. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(03)00185-3

Leghari, S. J., Buriro, M., Jogi, Q., Kandhro, M. N., & Leghari, A. J. (2016). Depletion of phosphorus reserves, a big threat to agriculture: challenges and opportunities. Sci. Int., 28(3), 2697-2702.

Llaven, M. A. O., Jimenez, G., Coro, B. I. C., Rincon-Rosales, R., Molina, J. M., Dendooven, L., & Gutiérrez-Miceli, F. A. (2008). Fruit characteristics of bell pepper cultivated in sheep manure vermicompost substituted soil. J. Plant. Nutr., 31(9), 1585-1598. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160802244738

Mehta, C. M., Palni, U., Franke-Whittle, I. H., & Sharma, A. K. (2014). Compost: its role, mechanism and impact on reducing soil-borne plant diseases. Waste management, 34(3), 607-622. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2013.11.012

Melenya, C., Logah, V., Aryee, D., Abubakari, A., Tuffour, H. O., & Yeboah, I. B. (2015). Sorption of phosphorus in soils in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Ghana. Applied Research Journal, 1, 169-175.

Mishra, A. N., & Tripathi, V. K. (2011). Influence of different levels of Azotobacter, PSB alone and in combination on vegetative growth, flowering, yield and quality of strawberry Cv. Chandler. International Journal of Applied Agricultural Research, 6(3), 203-210.

NARC. (2015). Kitchen gardening a way to pesticide-free nutritious vegetable. Vegetable crop research program horticulture research institute national agriculture research center Islamabad.

Nishanth, D., & Biswas, D. R. (2008). Kinetics of phosphorus and potassium release from rock phosphate and waste mica enriched compost and their effect on yield and nutrient uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum). Bioresource Technology, 99(9), 3342-3353. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.08.025

Palagani, N., & Singh, A. (2017). Post-harvest quality and physiology of gerbera flowers as influenced by bio- fertilizers, chemicals and organic growth regulators. Research on Crops, 18(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/2348-7542.2017.00020.1

Rangarajan, S., Saleena, L. M., Vasudevan, P., & Nair, S. (2003). Biological suppression of rice diseases by Pseudomonas spp. under saline soil conditions. Plant. Soil., 251(1), 73-82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022950811520

Reyes, I., Alvarez, H., El-Ayoubi, H., & Valery, A. (2008). Selection and evaluation of growth promoting rhizobacteria on pepper and maize. Bioagro, 20(1), 37-48.

Saleem, M. M., Arshad, M., & Yaseen, M. (2013). Effectiveness of various approaches to use rock phosphate as a potential source of plant available P for sustainable wheat production. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 15, 223‒230.

Sarwar, G. (2005). Use of compost for crop production in Pakistan. PhD (Doctoral dissertation, Dissertation (Published) Ökologie und Umweltsicherung. Universität Kassel, Fachgebiet Land schaftsökologie und Naturschutz, Witzenhausen, Germany).

Shenoy, V. V., & Kalagudi, G. M. (2005). Enhancing plant phosphorus use efficiency for sustainable cropping. Biotechnol. Adv., 23(7-8), 501-513. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2005.01.004

Sood, M. K., Kachawaya, D. S., & Singh, M. C. (2018). Effect of Bio-Fertilizers and plant growth regulators on growth, flowering, fruit ion content, yield and fruit quality of strawberry. IJAEB, 11(3), 439-449. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30954/0974-1712.06.2018.4

Steel, R. G. D., & Torrie, J. H. (1980). Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A biometrical approach (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Surapat, W., Pukahuta, C., Rattanachaikunsopon, P., Aimi, T., & Boonlue, S. (2013). Characteristics of phosphate solubilization by phosphate-solubilizing bacteria isolated from agricultural chili soil and their efficiency on the growth of chili (Capsicum frutescens L. cv. HuaRua). Chiang. Mai. J. Sci., 40(1), 11-25.

Tariq, M., Ali, Q., Khan, A., Khan, G. A., Rashid, B., Rahi, M. S., & Husnain, T. (2014). Yield potential study of Capsicum annuum L. under the application of PGPR. Adv. Life. Sci., 1(4), 202-207.

Toor, G. S., & Haggard, B. E. (2009). Phosphorus and trace metal dynamics in soils amended with poultry litter and granulates. Soil use and management, 25(4), 409-418. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2009.00235.x

Wickramatilake, A. R. P., Kouno, K., & Nagaoka, T. (2010). Compost amendment enhances the biological properties of Andosols and improves phosphorus utilization from added rock phosphate. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 56(4), 607-616. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0765.2010.00493.x

Zou, X., Binkley, D., & Doxtader, K. G. (1992). A new method for estimating gross phosphorus mineralization and immobilization rates in soils. Plant. Soil., 147(2), 243-250 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00029076