IN VITRO REGENERABILITY OF DIFFERENT SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L.) VARIETIES THROUGH SHOOT TIP CULTURE

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to develop an efficient protocol for micropropagation of sugarcane using the method of growing shoot tips of three varieties of sugarcane viz. BL-4, Thatta10, and Larkana-2001. A protocol for the regeneration of direct shoot without the intervention of the callus phase was developed using shoot tip culture in a basic medium of Murashige and Skoog (MS) supplemented with different concentrations of auxin (NAA) and cytokinin (BAP). The analysis of variance due to varieties, concentration and variety x concentration interaction was significant for all characters. In general, the best results were seen from the BL-4 and Thatta-10 varieties with 1.0 mg/L BAP and 3.0 mg/L NAA for various parameters. Different concentrations of BAP for shoot initiation and multiplication were used and 1.0 mg/L BAP showed the most effective concentration for induction and shoot multiplication, while MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of NAA for in vitro formation of roots from proliferated shoots, the maximum root formation on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L NAA was recorded. However, BL-4 had high power (85.3 %) of regenerating from explants took minimum (11.00) days for shoot induction and gave highest number of shootlets (6.50) with maximum length of shootlets (5.50 cm) by 1.0 mg/L BAP. For root induction BL-4 variety produced higher number of roots per shootlet (6.80) after minimum 9 days with maximum length of the roots (2.50 cm) at 3.0 mg/L NAA.