GENETIC VARIABILITY AND RELATIONSHIP AMONG DURIAN CULTIVARS (Durio zibethinus Murr) IN THEKAMPAR, INDONESIA ASSESSED BY RAPD MARKERS

Abstract

Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr) is an important tropical fruit tree economically and
ecologically. This research aims to observe the genetic variability and relationship among durian
cultivars based on RAPD(Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers. The results of this study
obtained a total of 49DNA fragments of which 34 fragments (69.39%) were polymorphic. Overall size
of the PCR amplified product bands ranged from 200 bp (OPO-11) to 1800 bp (OPO-05). Six primers
(OPT-09, OPO-05 OPY-16, OPY-15, OPD-08, and OPY-14) can distinguish among five durian
cultivars e.g. Bakul, Ome Kampar, Tembaga, Sijantung and Keong Mas. The genetic distance among
durian cultivars ranged from 0.276-0.477. Based on UPGMA dendrogram, seven durian cultivars were
divided into four groups. The first cluster consisted of Sijantung cultivar, second cluster consisted of
Bakul cultivar, third cluster consisted of Keong Mas and Tembaga cultivars, and fourth cluster
consisted of Empu Kunyit, Ome Kampar, and Montong cultivars. The results of this study will helpthe
breeders toformulate the breeding strategy for the durian improvementin future.