EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLIED UREA ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

Authors

  • Sajjad Ali Panhwar Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Larkano, Sindh Pakistan
  • Muhammad Mahmood-ur-Rahman Jamro Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam
  • Habib ur Rehman Memon Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan
  • Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Larkano, Sindh Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34016/pjbt.2024.21.01.843

Keywords:

Wheat, growth stages, urea, foliar application, yield

Abstract

Owing to climate change and continuous crop cultivation, soils are deteriorating with essential nutrients, and consequently, crop yield decreases day by day. Thus, it is necessary to ensure the availability of nitrogen according to the requirement of the crop through the foliar application of urea; because it is proven more efficient when compared with soil-applied method, especially in wheat crop. Therefore, the study was designed to examine the effect of urea in foliar application under different concentrations on various growth stages of wheat under field conditions during 2020-2021. The wheat variety Benazir-2013 was selected because it is high-yielding, rust-resistant, and can be cultivated in all ecological zones of Sindh. Due to these prominent characteristics, nowadays, it is a better choice for growers. For the foliar application of urea, the concentrations were formulated as T1: Control, T2: Recommended dose of fertilizer RDF + 1% Urea on tillering stage, T3: RDF + 1% Urea at stem elongation, T4: RDF +1.5% Urea at tillering stage, T5: RDF + 1.5% Urea at stem elongation, T6: RDF + 2% Urea at tillering stage and T7: RDF + 2% Urea at stem elongation. Results of the study showed that maximum Plant height (94.7 cm), number of tillers (460.3 m-2), Spike length (16.7 cm),  number of grains spike-1 (65.8), Seed index (65.8 g), Biological yield (11.6 t ha-1) and Grain yield (5.0 t ha-1) was perceived by (T6: RDF + 2% Urea at tillering stage) followed by (T7: RDF + 2% Urea at stem elongation) with Plant height (90.4 cm), number of tillers (430.0 m-2), Spike length (14.8 cm), Grains spike-1 (58.3), Seed index (53.5 g), Biological yield (11.1 t ha-1) and Grain yield (4.8 kg ha-1). Meanwhile, the lowest values were recorded for all yield traits under T1: Control. However, T2, T3, T4, and T5 were also recorded significantly compared to the (T1) control. Hence, it is suggested that RDF + 2% urea at the tillering stage should be applied in wheat variety Benazir-2013 to achieve the maximum yield.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Ahmed, Amal, G.M.M., Tawfik and Hassanein,M.S. (2011). Foliar feeding of Potassium and Urea for maximizing Wheat productivity in sandy soil, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences,5(5): 1197-1203.

Alam, M. S. and I. Jahan, (2013). Yield and yield components of wheat as affected by phosphorus fertilization. Rajshahi University Journal of Life and Earth and Agricultural Sciences, 41: 21-27 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/rujleas.v41i0.21624

Anadhakrishnaveni, S., A. Palchamy and S. Mahendran, (2004). Effect of foliar spray of nutrients on growth and yield of green gram (Phaseolus radiatus). Legume Research, 27(2): 149-150

Arabhanvi, F and U.K. Hulihalli, (2018). Agronomic fortification with Zinc and Iron to enhancing micronutrient concentration in sweet corn grain to ameliorate the deficiency symptoms in human beings. International Journal of current microbiology and applied science, 7(2): 333-340 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.702.044

Arif, M., M. A. Chohan, S., Ali, R., Gul and S. Khan, (2006). Response of wheat to foliar application of nutrients. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 1(4): 56-58

Bagchi, S and R. Biswas, (2020). Effect of foliar nutrients on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity under lower genetic alluvial soil of West Bengal at Institute of Agriculture, University of Calcutta, Ballygunge, West Bengal, India. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 5(9): 811-814 DOI: https://doi.org/10.38124/IJISRT20SEP547

Balusamy, M and N. (2000). Meyyazhagan, a Training manual on recent advances in pulses production technology, CASA, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, pp113-115

Buczek J., W. Jarecki and D. B. Jamro, (2017). Hybrid wheat response to topdressing and foliar application of nitrogen. Journal of Elementology, 22(1): 7-20

Food and Agriculture Organization, (2021). World fertilizer trends outlook, Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations –Rome

Farooq, M., A. Wahid and K. H. M. Siddique, (2012). Micronutrient application through seed treatments. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 12(1): 125-142 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-95162012000100011

Farooqi, U. M., A. Saleem and T. Ahmed, (2019). Effect of Foliar Application of Nitrogen and Boron on Growth, Yield and Quality of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 17(2): 93-99

Khaled A. M.., M. A. Haque., M. M. Bahadur and M. S. Rana, (2021). Response of foliar nitrogen application method on the growth, yield and seed quality of wheat. International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Technology 17(10): 01-06

Kousar, P., L . Ali., A. Raza., A. Maqbool., S. Maqbool., S. Rasheed and N. Irum, (2015). Effect of different nitrogen levels on the economic yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Aas-11. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research 6(3): 7–11

Kolota, E and M. Osinska, (2001). Efficiency of foliar nutrition of field vegetables grown at different Nitrogen rates. Acta Hort, 563: 87-91 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2001.563.10

Lu, P., Y. Zhang., C, Jia., Y, Li and Z. Mao, (2016). Use of poly urea from urea for coating of urea granules. Springer Plus, 5: 457, 1-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-2120-x

Marschner, P, (2012). Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants, 3rd edition. Academic Press, London, pp 135-178

Mohamed M. F., M. H. Mohamed., H. A. Hamouda., M. S. Zeidan, (2011). Effect of foliar application with Urea and potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate on Faba bean yield and quality in newly sandy soil, Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 25(2): 57-63

Nazia, B., M. Buriro., G. H. Jatoi., K. A. Memon., M. A. Khaskheli., S. A. Nahiyoon., P. H. S. Li, (2019). Effect of foliar application of nitrogen on growth, yield and grain quality parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Biocell, 43(5-1): 261-267

Osman, E.A.M., EL- Masry, A.A. and K.A. Khatab, (2013). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer sources and foliar spray of humic and fulvic acids on yield and quality of rice plants. Advances in Applied Science Research, 4 (4): 174

Parvez, K., M.Y. Memon., I. Muhammad. and A. Muhammad, (2009). Response of wheat to foliar and soil application of urea at different growth stages. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41(3): 1197-1204

Rahman M.Z., M.R. Islam., M.A. Karim and M.T. Islam, (2014). Response of wheat to foliar application of Urea fertilizer. Journal of Sylhet Agricultural University. 1(1): 39-43

Ratan Lal S., S. Priyanka., K. C. Nagar and A. K. Dashora, (2020). Effect of Fertilizers and foliar application of nutrient on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield through conduct on Farm trails at Farmers fields. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 9(7): 1551-1556 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.907.179

Statistix, Statistix 8 user guide, version 1.0. Analytical Software, (2006). PO Box 12185, Tallahassee FL 32317 USA. Copyright 2006 by Analytical Software

Umar, M. F., T. Muhammad., A. S. Muhammad and A.Taseer, (2019). Effect of foliar application of Nitrogen and Boron on growth, yield and quality of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 17(2): 93-99

Veesar, S. A., G. M. Laghari., M. A. Ansari, F. C. Oad and A. A. Soomro, (2017). Effect of foliar application of urea on different growth stages of wheat. International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences, 3(1): 01-11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20319/lijhls.2017.31.0111

Vikas A., A. P. Singh., A. Kumar., R. Chary., C. Srinivasarao., P. Sharma., B. Singh., S. Salgotra., J. Kapoor, and H. Dadhich, (2020). Effect of foliar application of nutrients on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop performance, economics, resource use efficiency and soil properties under rainfed conditions. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90 (1): 138–141 DOI: https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i1.98592

Vision, Indian Institute of Soil Science, (2030).Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal - 462038

Wagan, Z. A., M. Buriro., T. A. wagan., Z. A. Wagan., S. A. Jamro., Q. A. Momen and S. A. (2017). Wagan, Effect of foliar applied urea on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivium L.). International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 2(4): 185-191.

Wazir A., M. Yaseen, M. Arshad and Q. Ali, (2011) Response of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to foliar feeding of micronutrients, International Journal for Agro Veterinary and Medical Sciences.5(2), pp. 209-220 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5455/ijavms.20110601090456

Yousaf, A., M. A. Babar., A. Javed., M.O. Philippe and L. Zahid, (2008). Genetic variability, association and diversity studies in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) Germplasm. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 40(5): 2087-2097

Downloads

Published

2024-02-19

How to Cite

Panhwar, S. A., Jamro, M. M.- ur-R., Memon, H. ur R., & Abbasi, Z. A. (2024). EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLIED UREA ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.). Pakistan Journal of Biotechnology, 21(1), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.34016/pjbt.2024.21.01.843

Issue

Section

Research Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)