INDUCTION OF GENETIC VARIATION IN TWO VARIETIES OF WHEAT BY ELECTRIC AND HEAT SHOCK

Abstract

The aim was to study the effect of electric shock (ES) and heat shock (HS), yield, yield components for two varities of wheat (Triticum aestivun L.). Seeds of two varities were germinated to initial appearance the radical of 2-5 mm length, some of the seedling treatment for different periods with electric current (220 AC) used were ( 2.5, 5 and 7.5 mins.). While heat shock treatment for another seedling with heat shock at(35°C,40°C and 45° C) for one hour and then the seedling were transferred to the cold shock condition (7°C) for three hours. Factorial experiment was used (RCBD) with 3 replications for each treatment. Heat shock at 45 oC gave a significant increases in weight of (1000)grain was 37.4 (g), While heat shock at 40oC treatment gave highest grains number per spike was 83.1. The highest average spike number /m2 was 340.3, grain yield was 8.94 (ton.ha-1) when seeds treatment with electric shock for (5 mins.). An increase of the grain yield (37 %). Which the latter was no significant differences with heat shock at 40 oC. Baghdad 1 variety gave the spike have highest number of spikelet is19.5, quantity of grain in spike 73.5, grain yield 7.89 (ton.ha-1). While Babylon 113 variety superimposes in asspike number/m2 301.28. Significant differences also showed for the interactions between varieties and treatments in most of the studied traits, ( Baghdad 1 at Hs 40 oC) gave highestgrain number per spike 93.6, grain yield was 10.59 (ton.ha-1), whereas (Babylon 113 for Es 5 minutes) gave highest value of nd spike number /m2385.3.