ANTIBIOGRAM STUDY AND PREVALENCE OF PSLÁ GENE AMONG BIOFILM PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA PRODUCERS ISOLATED FROM SOME CLINICAL SPECIMENS IN THI_QAR PROVINCE

Abstract

One of the major causes of hospital-acquired contagion due to the rising antibacterial resistance is opportunistic Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biofilm formation is an important virulence factor increase the pathogenicity infectious of P. aeruginosa, since sessile bacteria are protected in an extracellular matrix of a polysaccharide. The expression of expolysaccharide (EPS) manufacturing locus (pslÁ gene) can be significant for biofilm formalization by P. aeruginosa. The goal of this research estimate antibiotics resistance pattern and apportionment of the pslÁ gene among biofilm construction P. aeruginosa isolates collected from different infections sources.
There were 113 infection samples collected as swabs and sputum from burns, post-surgical wounds, ear (otitis media), and respiratory tract. They cultured on different selective and differentiation media, next to P. aeruginosa identification by traditional bacteriological, API 20E strip, and molecular PCR technique by 16S rRNA. The antibiogram of isolates achieved by exposed to ten antibiotic items with disk diffusion method according to standard protocol of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Biofilm formation was detected qualitatively and quantitatively by 96-well microtiter plate test (MPT). Genotypic prevalence of pslÁ gene among the isolates performed via monoplex thermocycler of PCR technique.
Of 113 different infection specimens there were 109 gave positive growth. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were allocated to; 13/31 (35.5 %) burns, 8/26 (30.7 %) wounds, 11/29 (34.5 %) otitis, and 7/23 (30.4 %) sputum. Of 39 there was 23 multidrug resistance (MDR), 5 pandrug resistance (PDR) and the rest multidrug sensitive (MDS). The highest resistance was against Ticarcillin, Netilmicin, Piperacillin, and Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid while Amikacin, Meropenem, and Ciperofloxacin more effective with all isolates except burn isolates. The quantitatively of biofilm formation by MPT appeared 17 (43.6 %), 9(23.1 %), 7 (18.0 %), and 6 (15.4 %) were strong, moderate, weak, and non- biofilm producers. The prevalence of biofilm pslÁ gene was in 35 (90.0 %) isolates. All strong biofilm and 4 non-biofilm producers harbored target gene, while 1 moderate, 1 weak, and 2 non- biofilm producers not harboring pslÁ. All PDR and most MDR isolates were strong biofilm formation.
P. aeruginosa is still developing the resistance to most antibiotics especially with strong biofilm formation isolates mostly of pslÁgene harboring which increasing the concern and difficulty of bacterial infections treatment. Therefore, the need to find new strategies for healing is urgent.